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“Say to the Kohanim, the sons of Aharon, and tell them.” (21:1)

The commentators question the repetition of the word runt, say (,rntu wrunt). Rashi cites the Sifra which views this redundancy as a special enjoinment to the Kohanim to speak to their children. By emphasizing to their children to guard themselves from contact with any form of tumah, spiritual contaminant, they will safeguard the holiness of their families. This explanation suggests that the second “amirah,” saying, was directed towards the children. The text, however, seems to imply that each “amirah” was directed to the Kohanim. Horav Elyakim Schlesinger, Shlita, contends that both “amiros” were intended for the Kohanim. Indeed, an important…

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“And they shall not shave an edge of their beard.” (21:5)

During the investure of the Leviim, the Torah commands them to shave their heads. The Recanti observes the disparity between the term used for the Levi –taharah, purity – and that used for the Kohen -kedushah, holiness. What is the significance of the distinction between the goal set for these two paradigmatic spiritual leaders? Horav Eli Munk, zl, explains that “purity,” the term used for the Levi, indicates a negative quality, the absence of contamination. On the other hand, kedushah, the term used for the Kohen, signifies a positive trait. When the Levi cut his hair short, he was symbolizing…

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“They shall be holy to their G-d.” (21:6)

The Kohen, whose life is devoted to serving Hashem, is to be relaxed during the avodah, service. He must be totally at ease, focusing all his efforts on executing his role to the best of his ability. Consequently, he is not to permit anything to divert his attention from the job at hand. Dealing with death tends to impede one’s concentration. The mere mention of death provokes anxiety. Hence, the Kohen is prohibited from coming in physical contact with a corpse. He may not even be under the same roof as a corpse. The Kohen must also be discriminating in…

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“He shall remain holy to you, for holy am I, who sanctifies you.” (21:8)

The Kohen is to be held in the highest esteem. He is to have the primary role in matters of holiness. What is the significance of emphasizing the Kohen‘s superiority in holiness? Horav Elyakim Schlesinger, Shlita, recounts an incident that occurred with the Chazon Ish, zl, and the Brisker Rav’s, zl, analysis of the episode. It happened that a noted talmid chacham, Torah scholar, became embroiled in a halachic dispute with the Chazon Ish. Upon hearing of this debate, the Brisker Rav commented that the Torah scholar was not really a scholar; rather, he was an am ha’aretz, illiterate. He…

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“These are My appointed festivals: for six days labor may be done, and the seventh day is a day of complete rest. A holy convocation.” (23:2,3)

Rashi explains that some basic halachic differences differentiate Shabbos from the mo’adim, festivals. They are, however, listed together in order to teach us that one who desecrates the festivals is considered as if he desecrated the Shabbos. Likewise, one who upholds the festivals is viewed as if he upheld the Shabbos. What is the underlying message of this lesson? Horav David Feinstein, Shlita, offers a novel insight into Rashi’s comment. Hashem Yisborach is not only the G-d of Creation, He is also the G-d of history. We believe that just as Hashem created the world, He continues to direct every…

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“The son of an Israelite woman went out and he was the son of an Egyptian man… and the son of the Israelite woman pronounced the Name and blasphemed …. the name of his mother was Shlomis bas Divri of the tribe of Dan.” (24:10,11)

Why does the Torah place such great emphasis upon the mother of the blasphemer? Rashi comments that her name, Shlomis, was given to her as a result of her frequently addressing others, “Shalom to you,” as an opening for a conversation that would lead to gossip. Horav M.D. Solovetichik, Shlita, feels that her lack of tznius, modesty and discretion, her constant chattering with whomever came her way, was the basis of her son’s miscreancy. When the mother is not a tznuah, the child may gravitate towards evil behavior. Horav Soloveitchik cites the Talmud Yumah 47b, which relates that Kimchis had…

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“Speak to the kohanim, the sons of Aharon, and say to them; in relation to no person may he render himself unclean among his people.” (21:1)

The Torah’s text in its admonition to the kohanim is unusual. At the outset it says “speak to the kohanim, the sons of Aharon,” rather than the usual, “the sons of Aharon, the kohanim.” The redundancy of the word rnt, speak/say, as in ,rntu / rnt, is also noted by Chazal. Horav S.R. Hirsch, z.l., concludes that in this pasuk we deal with two sentences of separate idealogical content. The Torah first instructs Moshe to speak to the kohanim as “Bnei Aharon,” emphasizing their exalted pedigree. They should take special note of their inherent holiness by virtue of their lineage,…

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“And from the Sanctuary he shall not leave.” (21:12)

Chazal derive from the fact that the Kohen Gadol may not leave the Mikdash that he is to perform the avodah, service, even while he is an onan, mourner prior to the burial of a close relative. This is in contrast to the Kohen Hedyot, who may not perform the avodah as an onan. The simple reason given for this is that while one is at the heightened state of grief, the mind is not in control. The despondency that envelops a person at such a time disqualifies the Kohen Hedyot from performing the service, since he no longer has…

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“You shall observe/guard My mitzvos and perform them.” (22:31)

Horav E.M. Shach, Shlita, asserts that there are two distinct demands made by Hashem. First, there is our obligation to personally carry out the mitzvos. Secondly, we are ordained to “guard” the mitzvos by seeing to it that all Jews perform them. It is not sufficient for a Jew to personally observeĀ  mitzvos; he is obliged to be mindful that others also perform mitzvos. This, claims Horav Shach, is the meaning of the pasuk “,cav ,t ktrah hbc urnau,” “and Bnei Yisrael should observe/guard the Shabbos.” One must see to it that “Shabbos” is observed by all Jews. It is…

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“And I should be sanctified among the Bnei Yisrael.” (22:32)

Kiddush Hashem, the sanctification of Hashem’s Name, is the predominant mitzvah of Judaism. We are here for the purpose of sanctifying Hashem’s Name in the world in any manner that we are able to. Most people associate the concept of kiddush Hashem with giving up one’s life as a Jew. Indeed, martyrdom is our heritage and has become a central motif of our religion. The Piazesner Rebbe, z.l., explains that the Akeidas Yitzchak was not simply a test for Yitzchak Avinu; it was the precursor of kiddush Hashem for all Klal Yisrael. The trial of thought and will in which…

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