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“And the Kohain that is the greatest of his brethren, upon whose head the anointing oil was poured, and whom has been empowered to wear the sacred garments, his hair he shall not let grow wild, and his clothes he shall not rend.” (21:10)

The Kohen Gadol, who is exalted above the rest of the Kohanim, characterizes the most distinguished aspect of the Kehuna (priesthood). He receives his personal dedication through the anointing oil at the hands of the highest representation of the nation, the Sanhedrin. He has the authority to wear the sacred vestments. These vestments comprise the symbolic expression of the highest principles of life which should be mirrored by every Jew. He is no longer merely an individual Jew.   The Kohen Gadol must view his own sensitivities primarily from the vantage point of the “national” ideals which he represents. These…

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“And you shall sanctify him, for the bread of your G-d he brings close.” (21:8)

The commandment to sanctify the Kohen implies that an emphasis must be made regarding the prestige of the Kohen and the honor due him. Perhaps, as the Kesav Sofer writes, people were often tempted to show disrespect towards the Kohanim, because the Kohanim were dependent upon other Jews for their livelihood, in the form of the twenty-four priestly tributes.   This tendency to disdain the Kohanim is the reason that the Torah stresses the role of the Kohanim as trustees of the sacrificial service. The nation must be cognizant that this service is the vehicle that attracts Hashem’s blessing over…

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“They shall be holy unto their G-d, and not profane the name of their G-d.” (21:6)

This pasuk describes the exalted level of holiness, and in contrast, the descent to the nadir of profanity. Does no “compromise” exist between these two extremes? Indeed, in regard to serving Hashem, there is no middle course. One either sanctifies Hashem’s Name, or is guilty of its desecration. One’s involvement in Hashem’s service is a process of constant ascension; one either fulfills the precept of “they shall be holy“, or by default, falls into the abyss of “and not profane the name of their G-d”. Chazal state that although Hashem forgives man for the sins of idol-worship, murder, and adultery,…

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“You shall not make a cut in your flesh for the dead.” (19:28)

  The word “seret” refers to any kind of wound, even a graze or a scratch, inflicted either by hand or by means of an instrument. This wounding is prohibited only if it is performed as a reaction to a death, but not if it is performed due to any other type of loss. This law is derived from its consistent connection with the word “nefesh” – soul. The law does not merely restrict the expression of the loss which we feel when we wound or inflict pain upon ourselves. This prohibition concerns not only the act of tearing or…

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“Do not take revenge, and do not bear a grudge against the members of your nation. Love you neighbor as yourself.” (19:18)

The Talmud in Shabbos 31a relates the famous incident of the gentile who came to Hillel with the intention of converting to Judaism, if he only could be taught the whole Torah while “standing on one foot”. Hillel’s response was the classic dictum of “What is hateful to you; do not do to your fellow. This is the entire Torah: the rest is commentary. Go and study it.”   The Mahrsha explains the gentile’s request and Hillel’s response in the following manner: The gentile was searching for a unique statement of faith which encompasses the foundation of the entire Torah….

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A man shall fear his mother and father, and My Sabbaths you shall keep.” (19:3)

Rashi notes that the observance of Shabbos is placed adjacent to the law of fearing one’s parents. He explains that this order informs us that, despite one’s obligation towards his parents, this mitzvah does not preclude observing the laws of Shabbos and other mitzvos as well. We may wonder at the Torah‘s choice of competing mitzvos. Indeed, the mitzvah of honoring one’s parents does not override any other mitzvos. Why is Shabbos, which is viewed as one of the most lofty mitzvos, chosen to serve as the specific example?   We may derive from this pasuk a lesson regarding the…

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“Speak to the entire congregation of Yisrael and tell them, holy you shall be, for I am holy.” (19:2)

This parsha occupies a critical position not only in Sefer Vayikra, but, even more significantly, in the entire Torah. Indeed, Chazal state that the majority of the essentials of the Torah are summarized in this parsha. Its central imperative is Hashem’s charge to Klal Yisrael over all generations, Be Holy and Sanctified! It is not sufficient to be a pious individual, one must also dedicate his entire life to achieving the lofty and elusive goal of holiness. The motivation for this command is simply “For I am holy.”   Man should not simply worship Hashem; he is to imitate His…

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“And none of your children shall you give to pass through to Molech, and you shall not profane the name of Hashem.” (18:21)

Horav Shamson Raphael Hirsch Zt”l remarks that after careful consideration of the various laws connected with the abominable service of the Molech, we may come to the conclusion that we are not dealing with an ordinary form of idol-worship. This is not merely a defection from Hashem to idolatry, but rather an aberration which introduces idolatrous ideas and concepts into the sphere of worshipping Hashem. Thus, this act profanes His Name. One who worships idols leaves Hashem and His Sanctuary and turns to others. The Molech worshipper foolishly thinks that he remains within the sphere of Hashem and His Sanctuary….

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“And you shall keep My statutes and My judicial ordinances, which, if a man will fulfill them he will gain life through them (18:5).” – “And you shall keep My charge so that you do not do any of the abominable customs.”(18:30)

The second half of the first pasuk contains the motivation for the command in the first half. One must fulfill Hashem’s imperatives in order to gain life. These chukim (statutes) and mishpatim (judicial ordinances) are the very essence of the Torah. In order to continually translate them into practical reality, we must indeed guard them. We fulfill our duty for guarding the Torah only by living up to the following two demands: to study Torah and not to transgress.   One must always be aware of Chazal’s statement: o,rnau vban uz – If one desires to be the guardian of…

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“And Aharon shall place lots upon the two he-goats, one lot for Hashem, and one lot for Azazel.” (16:8)

The ritual of the Yom Kippur sacrificial service has served as a paradigm of nobility and splendor. Its symbolic interpretation and resolution is veiled in secrecy and ambiguity. Especially notable is the ritual of the two he-goats. While one goat is offered as a sacrifice, its blood sprinkled in the Sanctuary, the other is sent away into the wilderness, bearing the sins of the people. These two goats are to be purchased at the same time and are to be identical in appearance, size, and value. Everything is the same – except their ultimate fate.   The two goats represent…

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