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“And these are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, an ephod, a robe, a checkered tunic, a turban and a sash.” (28:4)

It is interesting to note that, while this pasuk mentions six garments, instructions were actually given for the fabrication of eight garments. The tzitz, headplate, and michnasayim, breeches, are not mentioned here. Why are these garments left out of this pasuk? Horav Dovid Feinstein, Shlita, suggests that on the one hand these two garments represent the elementary foundation of human decency. On the other, the garments represent the spiritual apex of the Kohen Gadol’s spiritual ascendency. These two garments were an obvious requirement. The Kohen Gadol needed to wear breeches for the sake of modesty.  The fact that breeches were…

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“A gold bell and a pomegranate on the hem of the robe, all around… Its sound shall be heard when he enters the sanctuary.” (28:34,35)

Resplendent in his bigdei kehunah, priestly vestments, the Kohen Gadol was a sight to behold. The dignity and beauty of the vestments, their glory and splendor, were intended to increase the reverence reflected upon his exalted station in Jewish life. However, there is one seeming enigma about the vestments — seventy-two bells were attached to the bottom of the Kohen Gadol’s robe. Does making noise when walking add to one’s dignity?  It definitely calls attention to the individual! Apparently, there was a profound purpose in having these bells hanging from the robe. The Torah states that when the Kohen Gadol…

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“And you shall place the crown of sanctity over the turban.” (29:6)

It is interesting to note that the Torah places emphasis upon the Kohen Gadol’s crown. The Kohen Gadol had neither sovereignty nor power over Bnei Yisrael. His mission in life was to be Bnei Yisrael’s “agent” in the Bais Hamikdash by offering the korbanos and to be Bnei Yisrael’s preeminent teacher and spiritual mentor. It is, therefore, enigmatic that the Torah stresses his crown. In contrast, the Melech Yisrael, Jewish king, who was charged with ruling the people and did have jurisdiction over them, is not portrayed as having a crown. The only demand placed upon the king was that…

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“Seven days shall the kohen put them on (who will be) in his place of his sons.” (29:30)

The Kohen Gadol’s position was passed on to his son after his death. The Talmud in Yoma 72b states that this halacha was not applicable to a Kohen Gadol who had been anointed specifically to lead Bnei Yisrael into war. The Mashuach Milchamah, the special Kohen Gadol who had received his position only for the purpose of leadership in battle, did not bequeath the kehunah gedolah, high priesthood, to his son. The Chofetz Chaim z.l. was once asked to decide a din Torah regarding a Rav of a community who had passed away. The members of the community chose to…

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“And you shall command Bnei Yisrael.” (27;20)

Moshe’s name is not mentioned in this parsha. The Baal Ha’Turim states that Moshe entreated Hashem on behalf of Klal Yisrael after they sinned with the Golden Calf. He pleaded, “Erase me from Your Book.” In accordance with Moshe’s emphatic statement, Hashem chose one parsha in which Moshe’s name would not be recorded. We may wonder why Parashas Tetzaveh was chosen to be the parsha from which Moshe’s name was excluded. Horav Nissan Alpert, z.l., suggests that the word “tetzaveh,” which means command, alludes to Am Yisrael’s leadership. The function of leadership is to command and guide the people. In…

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“And you shall make sacred garments for Aharon your brother for glory and majesty.” (28:2)

The Torah devotes an entire parsha to the preparation of the priestly vestments. Indeed, the Torah apportions more space to the “Bigdei Kehunah” than to the sacred vessels which were used in the Mishkan. Although the priestly vestments were not an inherent part of the actual service, the service could be performed only when the Kohen was wearing them. It seems apparent that the Bigdei Kehunah performed a sublime role. The Chizkuni explains that ase hsdc, sacred garments, is the key phrase which defines the moral and spiritual striving represented by the priestly garb. The beauty manifested by these vestments…

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“And you shall make a showplate of pure gold… and this shall go over the turban… and it shall be on Aharon’s forehead, and so Aharon shall do away with the transgressions of the holy things.” (28:36,37,38)

Chazal state that the “tzitz” atoned for the sin of impudence exhibited by the people. This seems enigmatic. How does Aharon’s wearing of the tzitz atone for a generation’s brazenness and lack of courtesy? Does the Kohen Gadol’s wearing of the tzitz give one license to be impertinent? Horav Reuven Katz, z.l., resolves this difficulty in the following way. One who secretly sins will be embarrassed if his baneful act is publicized. In contrast, one who is impudent defies criticism and publicly flaunts his evil in the most arrogant manner. Atonement for a sin is effected through the balance of…

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And the altar (of copper) shall be a sanctuary for sanctuaries” (29:37)

It seems peculiar that the Torah twice refers to the copper altar, which was situated outside of the “Heichal,” as “kodesh kodoshim.” This is in contrast to the altar of incense , which was placed opposite the Aron Hakodesh and is described merely as “kodesh.” Horav Moshe Feinstein, z.l., suggests the following homiletic interpretation. The placement of the altars, inside or outside, symbolizes the Torah scholar when he is inside or outside of the Bais Hamidrash. A Torah scholar should be cognizant that while he is “holy” in the Bais Hamidrash, he must be “doubly holy” when he leaves this…

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“…To cause a lamp to burn continually. In the Ohel Moed, outside of the cloth partition that conceals the Testimony…” (27:20-21)

Various commentators reflect upon the two points emphasized by the pesukim regarding the Ner Tamid. Horav Shimshon Raphael Hirsch Z”l comments that, although the human mind turns towards the Torah as the source of spiritual sustenance, man must constantly be cognizant of its standing “outside” the Torah. The Torah has been presented to the human mind, not produced by it. Man must utilize the Torah in order to increase his knowledge, wisdom, and sophistication, but he can never inject his own enlightenment upon the Torah in an attempt to amend or reform it. He must always be aware of Paroches…

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“And you shall make holy garments for Aharon your brother, for splendor and for beauty.” (28:2)

In his commentary on this posuk the Sforno states that “the Kohen shall be a teacher who will attract the respect of his disciples, their names, in turn, are engraved upon his heart and shoulders”. The Sforno is implying that the Kohen‘s position of leadership is consistent with his teaching relationship to the people. The special vestments lend dignity to his noble position, so that the populace, who are meant to be his disciples, will revere him. It is notable that the statement about the people as disciples refers to their names being engraved upon the hearts and shoulders of…

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