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Provide for yourselves distinguished men, who are wise, understanding, and well known to your tribes, and I shall appoint them as your heads. (1:13)

In a play on the word “onhatu” , “and I will appoint them,” the  Midrash changes the “sin” to a “shin”, transforming the word “onhatu” to “and I shall hold them guilty”.  The Midrash is teaching us the importance of listening to our spiritual leaders.  If they lead properly and the common people still do not respond with respect, the people are  liable.  They cite an interesting analogy.  Once a snake was sliding along its path, when the tail began complaining to the head, “Why are you always in the front with me dragging along behind? I want to lead,…

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These are the words that Moshe spoke to all Yisrael. (1:1)

Rebuking Klal Yisrael prior to his death, Moshe Rabbeinu  recounted their past sins, so that they would learn from their errors.  Rashi tells us that out of respect for Klal Yisrael, Moshe did not elaborate their sins. Rather, he mentioned them b’remez, alluding to them through the names of their encampments.  These names refer to the various sins committed in these places.  The Maharal questions this statement, since apparently Moshe did delineate Klal Yisrael‘s  most outstanding  sins.  Furthermore, the Shach asks why  Moshe rebuked the people who were  about to enter Eretz Yisrael.  After all, they were not the sinners; …

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And they wept for Aharon thirty days, all the House of Yisrael. (20:29)

Aharon’s special relationship with all people earned him the love of everyone.  When he passed away, every Jewish man, woman, and child grieved.  The quintessent Ohaiv Shalom, he extended himself to promote harmony among his fellow man and between husband and wife.  The vacuum caused by his death was acutely felt by everyone.  We see that Moshe Rabbeinu, the Rabbon shel kol Yisrael, the teacher who devoted his life to educating Klal Yisrael,  was not as universally mourned.  As the Yalkut explains, Moshe’s responsibility was to judge and admonish, a function that was not always accepted by everyone.  Thus, the…

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And all the congregation saw that Aharon was dead. (20:29)

Chazal tell us that Aharon’s death was “seen” by the people with the disappearance of the cloud that accompanied them throughout their stay in the wilderness.  The protection that resulted from the cloud was in the merit of Aharon.  With the death of Miriam, another source of sustenance was withdrawn.  The well of Miriam, which provided Bnei Yisrael with water, was no longer functional.  Moshe Rabbeinu’s merit was the source of manna, the third pillar of sustenance.  These three leaders of Klal Yisrael were proof that the maintenance of our people is not determined by physical power, but rather by…

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Listen now, O rebels, shall we bring forth water for you from this rock? (20:10)

The commentators struggle to understand Moshe and Aharon’s sin.  Undoubtedly, Hashem placed demands upon them commensurate with their lofty level of virtue and holiness. Other people cannot be evaluated by the same standards used to assess Moshe and Aharon.   According to the Ramban, Moshe’s anger  caused his sin.  The manner in which Moshe spoke to the people,  “Listen, O rebels,” was not the proper vernacular with which to address Klal Yisrael.  Moshe should have demonstrated more patience in dealing with his people. The overwhelming question with which we are faced  is:  Why did Moshe become angry?  What could have…

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“Blessed is Hashem Who has not withheld His kindness and truth from my master. As for me, Hashem has guided me on the way to the house of my master’s brother.” (24:27,28)

What does Eliezer mean when he says, “Hashem has guided me“? Horav Yerucham Levovitz, zl, interprets Eliezer’s words to relate that Hashem took him by the hand and led him to this place. Hashem did not let go of his hand at any time during his journey. He never permitted him to falter or stray from the path to his destination. Rav Yerucham continues to assert that this concept applies to all of us. If we were each to look back in life, each individual tracing his own unique “history”, we will note that indeed Hashem has guided us along…

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“And she went down to the well and filled her pitcher and came up. And the servant ran to meet her and said, ‘Let me, please, gulp a little water out of your pitcher.'” (24:16,17)

When one studies the narrative of the entire encounter between Eliezer and Rivkah, he assumes that the length of the text emphasizes Rivkah’s kindness. Eliezer devised a system of testing this young girl to determine if she was worthy to be the wife of Yitzchak, to take her place as the second Matriarch of Klal Yisrael. Yet, one wonders why, after Eliezer saw that the water “rose up” to “greet” Rivkah, he still felt driven to test her. Does the water rise up for every individual? Did he need any greater indication that this was no ordinary young woman? How…

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“And the maiden was very fair to look upon, a virgin and no man was on familiar terms with her.” (24:16)

This pasuk is the basis of the Torah’s characterization of the modesty appropriate for a Jewish daughter. Horav S.R. Hirsch, zl, notes that Torah does not say aht vgsh tku “A man does not know her,” as it states in other places, but rather vgsh tk ahtu, a term which does not occur in any other place. This seems to imply that not only was she a virgin in the usual sense, that no man knew her, but she was also so uncommonly modest that no man had dared to become intimately familiar with her. Rivkah’s standard of tznius, modesty,…

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“And Avraham came to eulogize Sarah and to bewail her.” (23:2)

The Midrash says that Avraham came directly from Har Ha’Moriah, the scene of the Akeidah. What is the significance of Avraham’s point of origin? Does it make any difference to us from where he came? The commentators respond with various explanations. Horav Aharon Levin, zl, suggests that “Har Ha’moriah” served as the text for Avraham’s eulogy. Throughout her life, Sarah Imeinu excelled in spiritual realms. She was righteous and G-d fearing, kind and noble. She attained a level of prophecy that surpassed even that of Avraham. Yet, all of these attributes do not necessarily dignify Sarah’s essential function in life…

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“And Sarah’s lifetime was one hundred years, twenty years and seven years…” (23:1)

The narrative of Sarah’s death follows immediately after the story of Akeidas Yitzchak. Chazal explain that Sarah died as a result of the Akeidah. The Satan told her that Avraham had actually slaughtered their only son, Yitzchak. In response, she cried out in grief and died. The Piazesner Rebbe, zl, offers a fascinating insight into her death. He cites Rav Mendel M’Rimanov, zl, who explains Chazal’s dictum concerning bris, covenant. Chazal refer to bris when discussing yesurim, pain and affliction, as well as when discussing salt. What relationship is there between salt and suffering? He comments that just as salt…

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