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והנשאם הביאו את אבני השהם ואת אבני המלאוים לאפוד ולחשן

The Nesiim/Princes brought the Shoham stones and the stones for the settings for the Ephod and the Choshen. (35:27)

Chizkuni teaches that when the Nesiim left Egypt, they chose to include precious stones among their requests of the Egyptians. They knew that there would be a Sanctuary and that the Kohanim would administer the service under the leadership of a Kohen Gadol. They were aware that the Kohen Gadol would wear special Priestly Vestments, among which would be the Ephod and Choshen – two articles that would have the names of the tribes inscribed on them l’zikaron, for a remembrance. They would be the ones to contribute the stones on behalf of the tribes which they represented. The Midrash…

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קחו מאתכם תרומה לה'

Take from yourselves a terumah, portion, for Hashem. (35:5)

What is the meaning of Kechu me’itchem, “Take from yourselves?” From whom else should they take, if not from themselves? The sefer, Torei Zahav, offers an insightful interpretation of this phrase. One who is about to offer a terumah, portion, to Hashem; i.e., one who wants to determine the best medium, the strongest motivation, for serving Hashem, should take from himself. He should study his own life experiences and ask himself, “I receive so much from Hashem. I owe Him everything. I should serve Him in a manner that shows that I know, I care, I am thankful.” The author…

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וקבצנו יחד מארבע כנפות הארץ

V’kabtzeinu yachad meiarbo kanfos ha’aretz. And gather us together from the four corners of the earth.

Gathering together apples and oranges and placing them in one basket does not alter the fact that they are distinct from one another in their variant species. Likewise, simply gathering Jews from all walks of life and streams of belief – spiritually and ideologically – will not catalyze the Redemption’s enduring fruition if there will be discord and constant controversy. As long as there is disunity and discord the Redemption is in danger of disintegrating. Thus, as Horav Avigdor Miller, zl, explains, we say yachad (v’kabtzeinu yachad), “together,” all as one. We anxiously await that glorious day, when, despite our…

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ראיתי את העם הזה והנה עם קשה ערף הוא

I have seen this nation and behold they are a stiff-necked nation. (32:9)

The chet ha’eigel, sin of the Golden Calf, is the first collective rebellion against Hashem by the nation that had just earlier accepted the Torah. Understandably, with our limited ability, we are unable to fathom the sin. What provoked it, its egregiousness, its roots in the mindset of the people? We can, however, piece together various correlative events which shed light on this defining sin. When we take note of the haftorah, reading from the Prophets, which describes Eliyahu HaNavi’s showdown with the prophets of the Baal idol, we are enlightened with regard to a new concept of sin and…

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ושמרתם את השבת כי קדש היא לכם

You shall observe the Shabbos for it is holy to you. (31:14)

Concerning Yamim Tovim, Festivals, we find the concept of lachem, “For you,” which means that a person is permitted to have personal enjoyment from the Festival. The Talmud (Pesachim 68b) cites a dispute between Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Yehoshua concerning the proper manner in which to celebrate Yom Tov. Rabbi Yehoshua contends: chetzya LaHashem u’chetzya lachem; part of the day should be spent in service to Hashem, ie, praying and learning, and part of the day for oneself, enjoying good food and wine. Rabbi Eliezer is of the opinion that it be spent kulo LaHashem, in total service to Hashem….

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ואתה דבר אל בני ישראל לאמר אך את שבתתי תשמרו

And you shall speak to Bnei Yisrael saying, “However, you must observe My Shabbos. (31:13)

V’atah tidaber; “And you should speak.” It almost sounds as if it was only this mitzvah (Shabbos) that Moshe Rabbeinu was to (personally) teach the nation. What about the rest of the Torah? Did he not teach the entire Torah to Klal Yisrael? Why is emphasis placed on the mitzvah of Shabbos? Chazal (Eiruvin 54:13) teach that there was a special seder, order/sequence, in the manner that Torah was transmitted to Klal Yisrael. Keitzad seder ha’mishnah, “What was the order of (teaching) the Torah?” Moshe studied (a halachah) from Hashem. (When Moshe was finished) Aharon HaKohen would enter and Moshe taught…

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ועשית כיור נחשת... לרחצה

You shall make a copper Laver… for washing. (30:18)

The Kiyor, Laver, was a large, copper utensil filled with water, from which the Kohanim were required to wash their hands and feet prior to performing the service. This washing was not for purposes of hygiene, but for the sake of kiddush, sanctification. The Kohanim purified their hands and feet, representing the upper and lower parts of the body, symbolic of the Kohen’s total devotion and the sublimation of his entire body to the service which he was about to perform. The Laver is not mentioned in the previous parshiyos (Terumah,Tetzaveh) together with the other utensils of the Mishkan, because,…

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מקבץ נדחי עמו ישראל

Mekabeitz nidchei amo Yisrael. Who gathers together the dispersed of His people, Yisrael.

Hashem gathers the dispersed of his People, Yisrael. Previously, in the brachah of Geulah, Redemption, the conclusion is: Goeil Yisrael, He redeems Yisrael. No mention of amo – His people. Why is this? In the sefer, Acharis L’Shalom (cited by Achas Shoalti), the author distinguishes between two distinct forms of redemption. When the Jews are worthy and deserving, the geulah is then the result of their having distinguished themselves. They catalyze their redemption through their worthiness. Under such circumstances (chas v’shalom, Heaven forbid) that they are unworthy and undeserving, the geulah will still occur, but only because they have suffered…

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והם יקחו את הזהב

They shall take the gold. (28:5)

The artisans who fashioned the Bigdei Kehunah, Priestly vestments, were enjoined to collect the gold that was to be the rough material from which these vestments were fashioned. At first glance, it is surprising that men of such distinction should be involved in a task that seems unnecessary. Why could the people who contributed the gold not bring their contribution to the artisans? Since when is there a “pick-up” service? We find a similar idea with regard to the metzora, in which, at every step of the purification process, the Kohen himself must be involved. Horav Moshe Feinstein, zl, offers…

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ועשו בגדי קדש לאהרן אחיך לכבוד ולתפארת

You shall make garments of sanctity for Aharon your brother, for glory and splendor. (28:2)

The Kohanim were attired in special vestments that were resplendent in their beauty, as befitting the spiritual mentors of Klal Yisrael, individuals who served in the Sanctuary and represented the nation. They also represented the glory of their mission and the One before Whom they served. The Kohanim were the agents of the Jewish People who served Hashem on their behalf. Halachah teaches that the Bigdei Kehunah, Priestly Vestments, were paid for by public funds. The Kedushas HaLevi explains that, since the Kohen represents the nation, it is only proper that his garments be supplied by the kahal, congregation, that…

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