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ונפש כי תחטא ושמעה קול אלה והוא עד או ראה או ידע אם לא יגיד ונשא עונו

If a person will sin: if he accepted a demand for an oath, and he is a witness – either he saw or he knew. (5:1)

I recently came across a story related by a father, telling about a traumatic experience that he and his family had undergone with one of their teenage sons. A young boy, fifteen years old, had slowly begun to drift away from his attachment to Torah. At first, it was gravitation to the frivolities of the outside world. He continued with his usual good middos, character traits, never offending another student, always showing respect for his rebbeim, his good natured smile always manifest on his face. Yet, this was not enough to maintain his tenure in the yeshivah where he was…

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ויקרא אל משה וידבר ד' אליו מאהל מועד

He called to Moshe. (1:1)

The Baal HaTurim notes that, in this verse, the summons to Moshe, Vayikra is spelled with a diminutive aleph. From afar, it appears as vayikar, not Vayikra. In his great humility, Moshe Rabbeinu wanted to describe the way in which Hashem appeared to him in much the same manner as He appeared to Bilaam. G-d’s prophecy to Bilaam is introduced as vayikar, without the aleph. This word connotes chance and spiritual contamination. Hashem, however, instructed Moshe not to ignore the aleph. Our quintessential leader had great difficulty accepting this. He acquiesced, of course, and wrote the aleph – but in…

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אדם כי יקריב מכם קרבן לד'

When a man among you brings an offering to Hashem. (1:2)

In the Talmud Chullin 60a, Chazal teach that the bull offered by Adam HaRishon as a korban, sacrifice, was quite unique. Its horns appeared before its hooves. They derive this from the pasuk in Tehillim 69:32, V’sitav l’Hashem mishor par makrin mafris, “It shall be more pleasing than a yearling bull with horns, with hooves.” Apparently, the primordial bull, first shor to be created, was fashioned fully grown from the earth, with it rising from the earth the way it stands. Thus, its horns materialized prior to its hooves. Indeed, as the Talmud continues, Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said, “All…

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זכר תמים יקריבנו אל פתח אהל מועד יקריב אותו לרצונו

He shall offer an unblemished male; he shall bring it to the entrance of the Ohel Moed, voluntarily. (1:3)

The Midrash relates the story of a recaltricant ox whose owner wanted to bring it as a korban. The ox, however, refused the honor. No matter how many people the owner sent to move the ox, they were unsuccessful. The ox was not budging. A poor man came along and noticed the owner’s predicament. He walked over to the ox and produced a single blade of grass from his pocket. He waved the blade of grass in front of the ox’s nose, causing the ox to give a mighty sneeze. As the ox sneezed, it coughed up a needle that…

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וקרבו וכרעיו ירחץ במים והקטיר הכהן את הכל המזבחה עלה אשה ריח ניחוח לד'

He shall wash its innards and its feet with water; and the Kohen shall cause it all to go up in smoke on the Altar – an elevation-offering, a fire-offering, a satisfying aroma to Hashem. (1:9)

In the Talmud Menachos 110a, Chazal state the following: “We find that the Torah says regarding a bulky ox brought as an offering, that it is ishei reiach nichoach, ‘A fire-offering, a satisfying aroma’; and in regard to a Minchah, it likewise says, ‘A fire-offering, a satisfying aroma.’” The same expression is used each time to teach you that, Echad ha’marbeh, v’echad ha’mamit, u’bilvad sheyichavein es libo l’Aviv she’ba Shomayim, “Whether one gives a lot, or one gives a little, his offering is equally pleasing to G-d, provided he directs his heart towards his Father in Heaven.” Horav Gamliel Rabinowitz,…

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ונפש כי תקריב קרבן מנחה לד'

When a person offers a Meal-offering to Hashem. (2:1)

The Torah uses an unusual term to describe the person who brings a Korban Minchah, Meal-offering, to the Mizbayach. He is a nefesh, a soul. Chazal explain that the Torah is teaching us an important lesson. Usually, the individual who brings a Korban Minchah is poor. Otherwise, he would have brought something more expensive, like a sheep or even an ox. The poor man has very little, and he offers a paltry gift from his pitiful possessions. Hashem understands what is transpiring in the poor man’s mind. He has so very little, what can he really give for Hashem? A…

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“He called to Moshe.” (1:1)

Parashas Vayikra follows directly after Parshiyos Vayakhel/Pekudei in which the Torah details the construction of the Mishkan and all its appurtenances. Chazal explain this juxtaposition with a parable. A king once ordered his faithful servant to build a palace for him. The servant did this in a unique manner. He wrote down the king’s name on everything he built. On every brick, every piece of wood, every piece of metal: wherever one would go, he would see the king’s name. When the palace was completed, the king entered and was amazed that everywhere he went, everywhere he gazed, he saw…

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“He called to Moshe, and Hashem spoke to him.” (1:1)

The text is ambiguous. Who “called” to Moshe? Ostensibly, Hashem called to Moshe. Why does the Torah not simply write, “Hashem called to Moshe”? – Furthermore, what is the meaning of this “kriah,” calling? Throughout the parsha, the term which is regularly used is “va’yidaber Hashem el Moshe,” “and Hashem spoke to Moshe.” Why is this pasuk different? Horav Moshe Sternbuch, Shlita, explains that whenever Hashem spoke to Moshe, prior to the actual “dialogue” Moshe become spiritually elevated, totally devoid of his own physical essence and limitations. This enabled him to hear Hashem’s word. The “calling” with which our parsha…

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“When a man among you brings an offering to Hashem.” (1:2)

Parashas Vayikra details the various korbanos, offerings/sacrifices, that Klal Yisrael brought on the Mizbayach. Four types of animal sacrifices are described: theKorban Olah, elevation/burnt-offering; the Korban Shelamim, peace- offering; the Korban Chatas, sin-offering; and the Korban Asham, guilt-offering. In order to understand the concept underlying these korbanos, it is essential that we first consider the meaning of a korban. The root of the word korban, is in three letters of its name: karov – kuf, reish, and bais – which means to draw near, to come closer. On a simple level, this means that the animal is brought close to…

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“If the anointed Kohen will sin, bringing guilt upon the people… If the entire assembly of Yisrael shall err…it is a sin-offering of the congregation. When a ruler sins…” (4:3,13,21,22)

Three sins are mentioned: the Kohen Gadol sins; the Sanhedrin err in halachah; the Nasi or king sin. Regarding the first two sins, the Kohen Gadol and Sanhedrin, the Torah begins withthe word “im”, if (he/they sin). When the Nasi sins, the Torah writes “asher,” when (he sins). Why is there a change in the Torah’s wording regarding the Nasi? The Meshech Chochmah opines that the phrase, “asher nasi yecheta”, “when a Nasi/ruler sins”, is connected to the words that precede it, namely, “Chatas ha’kahal hu,” “it is a sin- offering of the congregation.” In other words, the ruler’s sin…

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