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“And a man wrestled with him.” (32:25)

Rashi cites Chazal who explain that the “ish” who wrestled with Yaakov was none other than Samael, the guardian angel of Eisav.  Rashi says, however, that the angel who met Yosef as he searched for his brothers was Gavriel.  What prompts Rashi to identify the angel who fought Yaakov as Samael and the angel who met Yosef as Gavriel? Horav Leib z.l., who was Av Beis Din in Pressburg, offers a novel response. He notes the disparity in behavior between the two angels. After Yaakov fought all night with his angel, he asked for one small favor– to be blessed….

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“And he (the angel) saw that he could not prevail over him (Yaakov), and he touched the hollow of his thigh.” (32:26)

Yaakov Avinu and the angel representing Eisav were locked in battle the entire night.  Perceiving that he could not prevail over Yaakov, the angel unleashed his most powerful weapon, one that would surely disrupt Yaakov’s concentration. The Sforno explains that the angel showed him an image of the future leaders of Klal Yisrael sinning. Yaakov’s resulting concern caused him to momentarily lose focus, enabling the angel to strike him in the hollow of his thigh.  Since Yaakov’s strength was derived from his complete focus upon the Almighty both in thought and speech, the moment this connection was undermined he became…

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“And it came to pass as her soul was departing, for she died, that she called his name Ben-oni, but his father called him Binyamin.” (35:18)

As Rachel was about to leave this world, she realized that the child she had longed for was about to be born. She named him Ben-oni. According to the most common interpretation, Ben-oni is Aramaic for, “the son of my grief.” Yaakov called the child, “Binyamin,” which in Hebrew means, “the son of my right hand.” The Ramban states that there are two contrasting views expressed by the father and mother of this child.  Rachel, the dying mother, seems to have accentuated the pessimistic significance of the word iut, “a son of my sorrow”. Yaakov, on the other hand, decided…

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“And Avraham expired and died at a good old age, old and content, and he was gathered unto his people.” (25:8)

Why, in relating Avraham’s death, does the word ,nhu, and (he) died, precede Avraham’s name, while concerning Yitzchak, it mentions ,nhu after Yitzchak’s name? Horav Moshe Feinstein z.l., explains that Yishmael repented prior to Avraham’s death. Consequently, the Torah states that Avraham died b’seivah tovah, in a good old age.  He lived to see both of his sons live a virtuous life. They followed in his Torah path. The mention of his good name and exalted reputation filled them with pride. Indeed, Avraham lived on through the legacy he imparted to his sons.  For this reason Avraham’s death is mentioned…

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“I have sojourned with Lavan and stayed until now. And I have oxen and donkeys.” (32:5,6)

Rashi explains that Yaakov was telling Eisav, “Despite my stay with Lavan, I have still been able to observe the taryag, 613, mitzvos, and I did not learn his evil deeds.” Horav Yitzchak Z. Soloveitchik z.t.l. once met the Rav of Hamburg. During the conversation, the Rav explained how Yaakov was able to live in the presence of the evil Lavan and remain pure. Yaakov himself gave the reason for his success, when he said, “I have (an) ox and donkey.” As far as Yaakov was concerned, Lavan was equal to an ox or donkey. To Yaakov there was no…

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“And Yaakov was greatly afraid and was distressed.” (32:8)

Upon hearing the grim news that Eisav was approaching, Yaakov was gripped with a terrifying fear. He immediately began preparing for this confrontation. He prepared for battle, prayed ardorously to Hashem, and did teshuvah, repentance. Fear can either be a remarkable asset or a debilitating hindrance. Horav A.H. Lebowitz, Shlita, cites the Midrash which describes another fear experienced by Yaakov’s descendants, centuries later at the time of the miracle of Purim. When Haman’s decree to annihilate every Jew in the Persian Empire, was issued, the Jews searched for a similar precedent in history.  The initial response of the past would…

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“And he said, “Your name shall no longer be called Yaakov, but rather Yisrael for you have striven with G-d and with people and you prevailed.” (32:29)

Does it matter which name we use to refer to Yaakov?  Indeed, the name Yisrael is the name by which his descendants are called.  This appellation is not merely Yaakov’s new name, it actually describes the Jewish mission.  The Kovner Rav, Horav A. Shapiro z.t.l., notes that the name Yaakov has no plural construct. There are no “Yaakovim”! The term Yisraelim is applied whenever we refer to a group of Jews.  Consequently, he suggests that the name Yaakov applies to the Jew as an individual, alone and reclusive.  The solitary Jew becomes the prime focus for “Eisav’s” angel. He is…

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“And Hashem said to Yaakov, arise, go up to Bais Kail and dwell there and make an altar to the G-d that appeared to you when you fled Eisav your brother.” (35:1)

Horav A. Miller, Shlita, states that this “dwelling” was not intended to be a permanent residence. Hashem only wanted Yaakov to stop and take an accounting of what had happened until the present. The purpose of this “dwelling” was to avail Yaakov the opportunity for contemplation, so that he could reflect upon all the wonders which Hashem had created for him. Considering this information was not sufficient. It was incumbent upon him to allocate a specific time to meditate and appreciate all the good which Hashem had done for him. Every experience was part of a chain of events specifically…

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“These are the chiefs of the sons of Eisav.” (36:15)

Horav Y. Hutner z.t.l. makes note of the fact that the expression “aluf”, chief, is used only in regard to the descendants of Eisav. The descendants of Yishmael, however, are referred to as “nasi”, prince”. He explains that this disparity in terminology had catalyzed a disparity in their relationship to Am Yisrael. In the Talmud, Sanhedrin 99a, Chazal interpret the term, “aluf,” to be a sovereign without a crown. Eisav merited the name of monarch in a limited sense. He will survive as a nation until that day when “the saviors will ascend Har Tzion to judge Eisav’s mountain, and…

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