Eikev – Page 13 – Peninim on the Torah

To love Hashem, your G-d, and to serve Him with all your heart and with all your soul. (11:13)

Rashi comments that “serving with the heart” is a reference to tefillah, prayer. Yet, there is a dispute among the Rishonim if daily prayer is min ha’Torah, a Biblical command, or m’dRabbanan, a Rabbinnical decree. While granting that the number of prayers, their text and content reflect Rabbinic input, the Rambam asserts that the origin of prayer is Biblical. Ramban contends the concept of prayer, excluding prayers of distress, is Rabbinic in origin. Indeed, since prayer is avodah she’blev, service of the heart, the expression of human feelings and emotions should be man’s creation. Hence, Chazal composed the various…

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You shall teach them to your children to discuss them. (11:19)

Rashi comments that Chazal have inferred from this pasuk that when a child begins to talk, his father should converse with him in lashon hakodesh, Hebrew, and should begin to teach him Torah. If he does not teach him Torah, it is viewed as if he had ______ buried him. This is implied by the juxtaposition to the next pasuk, in which the Torah states, “In order to prolong your days and the days of your children.” The mitzvah of limud haTorah takes on a new perspective when it applies to a father’s obligation to educate his children. A father…

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“This shall be your reward when you listen to these ordinances.” (7:12)

Rashi explains that according to the Midrash, the word ceg also means “heel.” The Torah, therefore, alludes to those mitzvos which people may regard as unimportant. This disregard for the body of mitzvos that people determine to be relatively unimportant, extends to the point that they tend to tread upon the discarded mitzvos with their heels. The Torah promises Klal Yisrael that if they maintain their devotion to all of the mitzvos, even those which have been neglected due to their apparent insignificance, Hashem will reward them. What is the meaning of “treading upon mitzvos“? Horav Moshe Swift, zl, remarks…

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“It is not by bread alone that man can make a life for himself, but that man can live by everything that comes from the mouth of Hashem.” (8:3)

This pasuk underscores the significance of acknowledging the source of man’s sustenance. The word ojk actually has a dual meaning. It can mean “bread” or to “wage war”. Horav S.R. Hirsch, zl, declares that “bread” is the nourishment that man wrests from nature, competing with his fellow man for the “piece of bread.” “Bread” represents the joint product of nature and man’s intelligence, indicating man’s mastery over the mundane world. Consequently, “bread” is the physical manifestation of the intelligence with which man creates his own sustenance as he interacts with his fellow man to “harness” nature. The tragedy of man…

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“I grasped the two Luchos…. and I smashed them before your eyes… at that time Hashem said to me, ‘Carve out for yourself two Luchos like the first ones.’ The Bnei Yisrael travelled…. there did Aharon die.” (8:17)

Moshe’s recounting of his days in Heaven are interrupted so that we should recognize and mourn the loss of a tzaddik to the same extent that we mourn the breaking of the Luchos. The loss of a righteous person should generate within us a sense of loss and despair which is commensurate to the tragedy of losing the Luchos. Chazal offer a number of interpretations for this parallel. The Kesav Sofer explains that despite the loss of the Luchos, albeit intense, they still had the new Luchos. These second Luchos, however, although sublime, paled in comparison to its predecessors. Likewise,…

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“And I remained upon the mountain for forty days and forty nights – I neither ate bread nor drank water.” (9:9)

The Midrash Tanchuma remarks that Moshe’s mesiras nefesh, self-sacrifice, for the Torah earned him the zchus that the Torah is called by his name, Toras Moshe. This means that Hashem Yisborach gave His Torah, Toras Hashem, to Moshe. What was Moshe’s kinyan, act of acquisition? His mesiras nefesh was the medium which catalyzed his proprietorship over the Torah. What, indeed, was Moshe’s act of mesiras nefesh? What remarkable act of self-sacrifice did he exhibit that was so sublime to cause Hashem to “transfer” ownership to Moshe? He did not eat or drink for forty days and nights when he went…

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“But take heed to yourselves that your heart does not open itself to enticement and you turn aside and you serve other gods.” (11:16)

Rashi comments that once one “turns away” from Torah, the natural sequence of events is “you will worship strange gods.” Once one leaves the Torah path, he will eventually turn to idols. This is perplexing! We know that the yetzer hora, evil inclination, works in a specific manner. First, it lures one to turning away slightly by performing a simple act of indiscretion. This goes on for awhile as the yetzer hora slowly increases its hold upon the person until it ultimately brings him down completely. Worshiping idols is the last step, the final act of iniquity which is the…

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“This shall be the reward when you listen to these ordinances.” (7:12)

Hashem assures Klal Yisrael of a remarkable reward if they will listen to His mitzvos. The word ceg also means heel. In this context, Rashi explains that it alludes to the type of mitzvah that people may regard as insignificant. Consequently, they tend to “step on them with their heels.” The Torah encourages the Jews to be cognizant of these “neglected” mitzvos by promising them great rewards for observing them. This special reward consists of physical blessing in the form of increased size of one’s family and abundant herds and crops. What is the connection between observing neglected mitzvos and…

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“You will not be able to annihilate them quickly, lest the beasts of the field increase against you.” (7:22)

Hashem assures Klal Yisrael of staggering success in vanquishing their enemies. Moreover, it was to be accomplished in a manner that would cause them no harm, even from the wild beasts. By effecting a slow offensive, vast portions of land would not be left unpopulated, allowing for the stray wild beasts to “move in.” True, a quick victory could have been achieved, but at an unacceptable price. This seems enigmatic. Would it have been “difficult” for Hashem to simply contain the wild beasts so that they not harm the Jews ? Obviously, another reason mitigated for a “slow victory.” Horav…

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“You shall love the ger/convert because you were geirim (strangers) in the land of Egypt.” (10:19)

Although the convert is included in the mitzvah to love all Jews, the Torah, nevertheless, stresses this mitzvah. The Sefer Ha’Chinuch infers that the extra warning adjuring us to love the ger applies in all areas of human relationship. The ger symbolizes the Jew who has no “protection,” no family pedigree, and probably very few friends. It is regrettably much easier to mistreat the ger than an ordinary Jew. Having cut himself off from his roots, he feels isolated in his quest for genuine acceptance and friendship. The Sefer Ha’Chinuch states that this mitzvah is broadened to include all strangers,…

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To love Hashem, your G-d, and to serve Him with all your heart and with all your soul. (11:13)

You shall teach them to your children to discuss them. (11:19)

“This shall be your reward when you listen to these ordinances.” (7:12)

“It is not by bread alone that man can make a life for himself, but that man can live by everything that comes from the mouth of Hashem.” (8:3)

“I grasped the two Luchos…. and I smashed them before your eyes… at that time Hashem said to me, ‘Carve out for yourself two Luchos like the first ones.’ The Bnei Yisrael travelled…. there did Aharon die.” (8:17)

“And I remained upon the mountain for forty days and forty nights – I neither ate bread nor drank water.” (9:9)

“But take heed to yourselves that your heart does not open itself to enticement and you turn aside and you serve other gods.” (11:16)

“This shall be the reward when you listen to these ordinances.” (7:12)

“You will not be able to annihilate them quickly, lest the beasts of the field increase against you.” (7:22)

“You shall love the ger/convert because you were geirim (strangers) in the land of Egypt.” (10:19)

YEARS

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